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Cannabis Policy Impacts Public Health and Health Equity

The cannabis plant contains more than 100 “phytocannabinoids,” compounds that are unique to the cannabis plant, and hundreds of compounds not unique to the plant, such as terpenes and flavonoids.

Although sometimes referred to as “hemp” or “marijuana,” all cannabis plants fall within the same genus: Cannabis.

Cannabis use has both benefits and harms.

BENEFITS

Therapeutic benefits include treating chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (via oral cannabinoids such as nabilone and dronabinol), management of chronic pain in adults, and improving patient-reported spasticity symptoms in multiple sclerosis (via oral cannabinoids such as nabiximols and nabilone).

Delta-9-THC is the most well-studied cannabinoid. Its therapeutic effects include the ability to reduce nausea, increase appetite, and decrease chronic pain.

“Dronabinol,” a synthetic version of delta-9-THC, and “nabilone,” a THC-like drug, are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, and dronabinol is approved for treating anorexia in AIDS patients.

The biological effects of delta-9-THC are attributed primarily to the compound’s actions as a cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) agonist.

There is tremendous consumer interest in CBD’s therapeutic benefits.

CBD is not a CB1 receptor agonist and does not engender the constellation of effects of delta-9-THC.

Epidiolex®, a purified form of CBD, is approved for oral administration by the FDA for the treatment of specific seizure disorders in patients 1 year of age or older. However, its off-label benefits are not well studied.

HARMS

Harms include increased risk of motor vehicle collisions; development of schizophrenia or psychosis (particularly for those with other risk factors); respiratory symptoms, including increased chronic bronchitis; and lower birthweight in offspring exposed prenatally.

Delta-9-THC can induce intoxication, affect cognition, impair motor function, and lead to physiological dependence after chronic exposure.

CBD can elicit side effects such as dry mouth, diarrhea, reduced appetite, drowsiness, and fatigue. CBD can also interact with other medications, such as blood thinners.

IMPACTS OF LEGALIZATION

The committee reviewed 14 systematic reviews evaluating the public health impacts of cannabis policy.

The committee found limited or only suggestive evidence that the perceived risk of cannabis use declines after legalization, that use among adults increases, that traffic collisions increase, and that hospital visits related to cannabis use (e.g. accidental ingestion) increase.

For all other outcomes (adolescent use, gateway to other drugs, mental health problems), the committee judged the evidence to be insufficient.

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/27766.

Its a jungle out there

Magandang Umaga TRB MarXmen

Mga Kap sa lain-lain lugar sa Mindanao ug mga taga Davao City! Tapok ta ani nga higayon kauban ang atoang kinakusgang lider sa Medical Cannabis Party na si Atty. Henrie Enaje para sa iyang mga matudlo ug maistorya bahin sa mga kaayohan alang sa mga balaod ug mga impormasyon sa Medical Cannabis. Naa pod ta mga tukar sa mga lokal na banda sa Davao City sila Empathy, Project Satellite, Cosmic Blah ug Rob the Goat gikan Tagum ug naa pod open jam para mga gusto manugtug. Naa pod ta mga paraffle gikan sa atuang mga sponsors gikan sa lain-laing lugar sa Pilipinas ug mga Fil-Am nga misuporta sa atuang event.

Gikinahanglan na jud na magkahiusa ta mga advocates alang sa kaluwasan sa Ma*****na alang sa mga pasyente nga dugay na nanghinahanglan sa safe ug epektibo nga tambal apil na syempre para sa mga napriso tungod aning walay ayong balaod ug himo-himo na kaso. Palayain ang halaman at ang taumbayan! Walang masama sa Ma*****na! Tambal ang Cannabis!

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