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You always confuse between convex and concave?⁉️
#طرق
26/05/2026
Beam & Slab Design Formulas — the quick-reference sheet every civil engineering student/site engineer should keep saved.
This part covers: ✔️ Bending Moment
✔️ Shear Force
✔️ Slab Thickness
✔️ T-Beam Design
✔️ Deflection Check
✔️ Two-Way Slab Moments
✔️ Moment of Resistance
…and more.
Fly Levelling Survey Method
Fly levelling is a surveying method used to determine reduced levels (RL) between distant points quickly and accurately. It is commonly used when the ground is uneven or the distance is long.
Main Process:
1. Take Back Sight (BS) on a known point.
2. Calculate Height of Instrument (HI).
3. Take Fore Sight (FS) on turning point.
4. Shift instrument and repeat process.
Important Formula:
HI = RL + BS
RL = HI - FS
Uses:
Road & railway survey
Canal construction
Building layout work
Long-distance levelling
Advantages:
Fast and accurate method
Suitable for uneven ground
Reduces cumulative error
to calculate number of bricks in a wall ⁉️
BASIC KNOWLEDGE FOR CIVIL SITE
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Contact the establishment
Telephone
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Address
48 شارع العروسى . شبرا مصر
Cairo
467537
