Ibrahim Morgan Tour Guide

EGYPTIAN- POLISH ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND CONSERVATION MISSION
OF THE TEMPLE OF HATSHEPSUT AT DEIR EL BAHARI
[TEMPLE OF
THE COMPLEX OF THE SUN CULT
IN THE TEMPLE OF HATSHEPSUT AT DEIR EL-BAHARI
HATSHEPSUT
UPPER ANUBIS SHRINE
Until 2002 the vault of the upper Anubis shrine was protected by a temporary wooden shelter in the form of a gable roof with a slope of 45 degree (100%) technical condition of this shelter structure left much
to be desired with the outer roofing damaged, frayed at the roof edges and with sections missing.
It no longer served its purpose. Design guidelines for protection of the Shrine and installing a roof above were invented and designed by Mieczyslaw Michiewicz in 1999 The technical design for the roof satisfied the following physic-technical functions:
1 protection from rainfall and water flow from neighboring rock slope:
2 protection from dynamic rock fall from considerable heights and uncontrolled burying under rock detritus from the neighboring rock slope;
3. safe transfer of load from planned burying under rock detritus of the shelter roof up to 1.50 m high; 4 ensuring ventilation of space between top of shrine vault and the shelter roof; 5 protection from temperature variation, water condensation and ultraviolet radiation.
It was designed as a spatial, steel-and reinforced concrete structure rising above the top of the Shrine's vault, The carrying framework is formed of welded steel trapeze frames made of double-T hot rolled profiles 140mm high, spaced axially every 85cm. These frames were supported on steel beams concreted in rock-cut sockets on one side and supported on the uncovered part of the north wall of the Altar Courtvard on the other.
The supports distribute the vertical and horwal loads from the frame strutting The edge frame set on the wall surface was reinforced with steel tighter, limong the considerable spread of the support beams. The steel frames were filled with monolithic ribbed plates 14 cn thick. reinforced with smooth steel of A0 class, 8mm in diameter and with a span of 15 cm. The edgs panel of the reinforced concrete slab on the side of the rock slope is supported on a steel frame and continuous groove cut in the rock. The steel structure was given a rustproof coating. B20 monolithic concrete was used (C16/20). Slabs were poured in traditional formwork of galvanized steel shets, the latter also protecting the top surfaces of the shrine's vault from the wet concrete inus. The top surface of the roof shelter was covered with two layers of a bitumen mass, additionally protecting against water and damp. Once the concrete achieved full strength, the roof shelter was covered with rock detritus, whica was designed to act additionally as a shock-absorbing layer for dynamic rock falls from considerable heights. Work on the north wall of the court proceeded concurrently with structural work on the Shirine. In line with the programn guidelines, stone blocks of specific dimensions according to the historic courses were prepared. Above the ancient vault of the Shrine, one of the blocks was mounted in a movable position in order to assure continuous monitoring of the original vault, this in line with the ICOMOS Charter of 2003 (pt, 3.21) which says that "cheeks and moritoring during and after the intervention should be carried out to ascertain the efficacy of the results"
Provisional roofing abow the Upper Anubis Shrine: top (leff) - plan, and view: 1- wall top, 2 - top of shrine vault, 3 - underside of shrine vault, 4 wooden roofing shelter, S- outer roofing (Drawing M. Michiewicz)
Complex of the Sun Cult. The Upper Anubis Shrine before restoration work General view toward the cast and north, and the entrance (Photo Mission's archives)

Karnak-Tempel ist eine der größten und bedeutendsten Tempelanlagen der Welt und befindet sich am Ostufer des Nils in Luxor. Der Tempel war hauptsächlich dem Gott Amun-Re gewidmet und galt im alten Ägypten als eines der wichtigsten religiösen Zentren. Über mehr als 2.000 Jahre hinweg ließen zahlreiche Pharaonen die Anlage erweitern und verschönern, darunter Sethos I., Ramses II. und Hatschepsut.

Besonders beeindruckend ist die große Säulenhalle mit ihren gewaltigen Steinsäulen, die mit Hieroglyphen und religiösen Szenen verziert sind. Besucher können außerdem riesige Obelisken, heilige Seen, monumentale Statuen und prachtvolle Reliefs entdecken. Der Karnak-Tempel vermittelt einen einzigartigen Eindruck von der Macht, Architektur und Spiritualität des alten Ägyptens.

Heute zählt Karnak zu den wichtigsten Sehenswürdigkeiten Ägyptens und zieht jedes Jahr Millionen von Besuchern aus aller Welt an. Besonders am Abend sorgt die Licht- und Tonshow für eine faszinierende Atmosphäre und lässt die Geschichte des Tempels lebendig werden.