Medical Laboratory Updates

eripheral Blood Smear

1. Objective
The objective of the test was to examine the morphology of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets under the microscope for diagnostic evaluation.

2. Principle
The principle of the test was that a well-prepared and properly stained blood smear allowed direct visual assessment of blood cell size, shape, distribution and abnormalities. Different stains highlighted cell structures and helped differentiate cell types.
3. Materials Used
• EDTA blood sample
• Clean glass slides
• Spreader slide
• Leishman or Wright stain
• Microscope
• Immersion oil
• Gloves and lab coat

4. Procedure (Microscopic)
1. A drop of blood was placed on one end of the slide.
2. A spreader slide was held at a 30–45 degree angle and the blood was spread smoothly to create a thin smear.
3. The smear was air-dried.
4. Staining was done using Leishman or Wright stain.
5. The slide was rinsed and dried again.
6. The stained smear was examined under the microscope.
7. RBC morphology, WBC differential, and platelet count and distribution were observed.
8. Abnormal cells, inclusions or parasites were noted.

5. Result
A normal peripheral smear showed:
• Normocytic, normochromic RBCs
• A normal WBC differential pattern
• Adequate platelets
Abnormal findings included anisocytosis, poikilocytosis, target cells, schistocytes, blasts, toxic granulation, parasites (e.g., malaria) or platelet clumping.

6. Uses
• It was used to diagnose anemia types.
• It was used to detect hemolytic conditions.
• It was used to evaluate infections and leukemia.
• It was used to confirm automated CBC abnormalities.
• It was used to detect blood parasites.

7. Consultation
The patient was advised to consult a clinician for interpretation of abnormal morphology. Follow-up tests such as CBC, bone marrow study or specialized staining were recommended when needed.

जीवन में चाहे कितनी भी परेशानियां क्यों न आ जाएं, अगर दृढ़ निश्चय हो तो हर समस्या उसके सामने छोटी पड़ जाती है।
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#मोलिक Madhu Bhardwaj
Max Super Speciality Hospital
Medical Laboratory Updates