Organic Chemistry

cis and trans BURGER

The Fischer glycosidation is a valuable method for the direct formation of glycosides from unprotected carbohydrates and simple alcohol. The reaction requires strong acids such as hydrochloric acid, trifluoro-methane sulfonic acid, or FeCl3. As a rule, furanosides predominate in the early stages of a Fischer glycosidation whereas at equilibrium the pyranoses are the dominant product. At equilibrium, the percentage composition of the different forms of methyl glycosides depends on steric and electronic factors and follows similar rules as the process of mutarotation.

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💊 Diiodotyrosine does not possess pronounced hormonal activity. However, it stops the production of thyrotropic hormone by the anterior lobe of the hypophysis, which activates thyroid gland activity.
It is used for hyperthyroid forms of endemic and sporadic goiters, diffuse, toxic goiters, and other illnesses accompanied by thyrotoxicity. Synonyms of this drug are ditirin, iodoglobin.

⚗ Diiodotyrosine, is synthesized by directly iodinating tyrosine with iodine in the presence of sodium iodide in aqueous ethylamine, or in a mixture of acetic and hydrochloric acids with the addition of hydrogen peroxide

Thyroid (الغدة الدرقية)