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2a

1) Freedom from Discrimination: Everyone is
entitled to all the rights and freedoms
without distinction of any kind, such as race.
colour, s*x, language, religion etc.

2) Freedom from Fear: Everyone is entitled

in full equality to a fair and public hearing by
an independent and impartial tribunal in the
determination of his rights and obligations
and or any criminal charge against him.

3) Freedom of Want: Everyone has the right
to own property alone as well as in
association with others. No one shall be
arbitrarily deprived of his property. Men and
women of full age, without any limitation due
to race, nationality or religion, have the right
to marry and to form family.

4) Freedom of Religion and Conscience:

Everyone has the right to freedom of
conscience and religion, this right include
freedom to change his religion or beliefs
either alone or in community with others in
public or private, to manifest his religion or
belief in teaching, practice, worship and
observance.

5) Freedom of Assembly: Everyone has the
freedom to take part in any gathering that
one wishes.

6) Freedom of Association: Everyone has the
right to freedom of peaceful assembly and
association. No one may be compelled to
belong to an association. Everyone has the
right to work, to free choice of employment,
to just and favourable conditions of work and
for protection against unemployment.

7) Freedom of Thought, Belief, Opinion and
Expression: Everyone has the right to
freedom of opinion and expression, this
includes freedom to hold opinion without
interference and to seek, receive and impact
information and ideas through any media
and regardless of international boundaries.

(9b)

(I) Poor remuneration: A hungry man is an angry man. The civil service are poorly remunerated which causes them to take bribe. The salary they receive is not even enough for them to pay their children’s school fees. They are not well motivated

(II) Absence of skilled manpower: Lack of skilled manpower in the civil service causes inefficiency in the civil service. Therefore, any organization that lacks adequate skilled personnel in their organization, will find it difficult carrying out their operations effectively and efficiently.

(III) Poor human resources management: Human resources management recruits and train workers to work in the organization. But when the organization cannot manage their workers, the workers tend to leave the organization. Poor management of workers causes death of an organization

(IV) Inadequate materials or insufficient materials: Lack of materials for work causes inefficiency in the operations of the civil service. Government failures to provide those necessary materials that can facilitate work in offices contribute to the cause of ineffectiveness in civil service.

(V) Corruption: Corruption has eaten deep into the bones of our civil service, it hard to find a civil servant without the intent to defraud. When corruption continues to thrive in the civil service, it affects the general operations of the civil service.

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8a) Popular participation can be defined as the process whereby the majority of the citizens in a state or country show interest in partaking in the affairs and decision making of the state.

(8b)

(I) Create Urgency: People are far more likely to participate if they feel a sense of urgency. Let people know that there is a limited time to provide input by creating urgency in your calls-to-actions and marketing content.

(II) Be Hyper-Relevant: It can be tough to get people to feel urgency about a long-range planning process. It’s critical to connect your project with issues