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Hormone Therapy May Lead to Improved Cognitive Function

MAY 31, 2018

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Summary: A new study reveals using estradiol gel in combination with oral progesterone can help to improve cognitive function in postmenopausal women.

Hormones affect just about everything that goes on in a woman’s body, from reproductive function and sexual libido to weight gain and overall mood. A new study shows how, in the right dosage and combination, hormones also may slow cognitive decline in postmenopausal women as they age. The study is being published online today in Menopause.

It comes as no surprise that cognitive function declines as we age. We recognize memory decline in a number of ways, such as not being able to remember a grocery list as easily as we once did. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is defined as that intermediate stage between normal aging and dementia. Persons with MCI have an increased risk of progressing to Alzheimer disease or other dementia, with roughly 20% of this population crossing over from MCI to a more severe level each year. To date, no pharmacologic treatment has proven effective in managing MCI.

The study followed postmenopausal women who were diagnosed with MCI and taking donepezil over a 24-month period and showed that cognitive test scores for the women who received hormone therapy significantly increased during that time.

The article “Menopausal hormone therapy

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Studying Sleep’s Profound and Extensive Effects on Brain Function

Summary: Studies presented at Neuroscience 2017 shed new light on how the brain consolidates memories and the neurological effects of poor sleep.
Source: SfN.
Although the general benefits of a good night’s sleep are well established, one-third of American adults do not get a sufficient amount of sleep. Recent research sheds new light on the extensive effects of sleep on the brain, as well as the harms caused by sleep loss. The studies were presented at Neuro2017, the annual meeting of the Society for Neuroscience and the world’s largest source of emerging news about brain science and health.
Adequate restful sleep leads to improved cognitive function and enhanced memory formation, while insufficient, restless sleep has harmful effects such as impaired memory and judgement, and can lead to increased risk for medical conditions such as stroke, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. The connection between sleep and brain function has long been an area of exploration for neuroscientists.
Today’s new findings show that:
MicroRNA expression may serve as an indicator of sleep loss in rats and humans, suggesting a possible method for predicting those at risk for diseases and cognitive deficits typically associated with sleep debt.
Three species of spiders have amazingly fast circadian clocks, raising questions about how they avoid the negative effects typically associated with deviating from the normal biological timeframe.
The brain preferentially reactivates negative memories during sleep, prioritizing the retention of these emotional memories.
Other recent findings discussed show that:
A computerized algorithm can determine whether people viewed images of faces or houses by comparing patterns of electrical activity in the brain during sleep.
“Sleep is even more multifaceted and fascinating than we realize,” said press conference moderator Sigrid Veasey, a professor at the Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology at the University of Pennsylvania’s Perelman School of Medicine. “Today’s findings reveal interesting new aspects of the complex relationship between sleep and the brain, and the vital role that sleep plays in everyday human functioning.”