MLT

𝐁𝐋𝐎𝐎𝐃 𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐍𝐒𝐅𝐔𝐒𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐑𝐄𝐀𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐒:

𝟏. 𝐅𝐞𝐛𝐫𝐢𝐥𝐞 (𝐍𝐨𝐧-𝐇𝐞𝐦𝐨𝐥𝐲𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐅𝐞𝐛𝐫𝐢𝐥𝐞 𝐑𝐞𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧)

𝐂𝐚𝐮𝐬𝐞:
🟡Often due to the recipient's immune response to donor white blood cells or cytokines.

🟡Common in individuals who receive multiple transfusions.

𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐭𝐨𝐦𝐬:

🟡Fever
🟡Chills
🟡Tachycardia (increased heart rate)
🟡Tachypnea (rapid breathing)
🟡Hypotension (low blood pressure)

𝐍𝐨𝐭𝐞𝐬:

🟡This is the most common type of transfusion reaction.
🟡Not typically life-threatening but can be uncomfortable.
🟡Preventable by using leukoreduced blood products.

𝟐. 𝐇𝐞𝐦𝐨𝐥𝐲𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐓𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐬𝐟𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐑𝐞𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧

𝐂𝐚𝐮𝐬𝐞:

🔴Triggered by ABO or Rh incompatibility (e.g., transfusing the wrong blood type).
🔴Leads to rapid destruction of donor red blood cells (hemolysis) by the recipient's immune system.

𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐭𝐨𝐦𝐬:

𝐌𝐢𝐥𝐝 𝐜𝐚𝐬𝐞𝐬:

🔴Fever
🔴Chills
🔴Headache
🔴Chest pain

𝐌𝐨𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐞 𝐭𝐨 𝐬𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐞 𝐜𝐚𝐬𝐞𝐬:

🔴Tachycardia
🔴Tachypnea
🔴Hypotension
🔴Hemoglobinuria (dark urine from
hemoglobin in urine)
🔴Apprehension or anxiety
🔴Disseminated Intravascular
Coagulation (DIC): abnormal clotting
throughout the body
🔴Circulatory collapse: life-threatening

𝗡𝗼𝘁𝗲𝘀:

🔴This is a medical emergency.
🔴Requires immediate cessation of transfusion and intensive care support.

𝟑. 𝐀𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐫𝐠𝐢𝐜 𝐓𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐬𝐟𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐑𝐞𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧:

𝐂𝐚𝐮𝐬𝐞:

🔵Recipient allergic reaction to plasma
proteins in the donor blood.
🔵Occurs more frequently with
plasma-containing blood products.

𝐒𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐭𝐨𝐦𝐬:

🔵Urticaria (hives) / Rash
🔵Itching
🔵Bronchospasm (wheezing or difficulty
breathing)
🔵Anaphylaxis (severe, life-threatening
allergic response)

𝐍𝐨𝐭𝐞𝐬:

🔵Usually mild and managed with
antihistamines.
🔵Severe reactions like anaphylaxis
require epinephrine and urgent care.
🔵Future transfusions may need
washed red blood cells to reduce
plasma protein exposure.

𝑪𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝑻𝒊𝒑𝒔:

🔶Always verify blood type compatibility
before transfusion
🔶 Monitor vital signs frequently during
and after transfusion
🔶Stop transfusion immediately if a
reaction is suspected.
🔶 Report and document all transfusion
reactions for patient safety

Pic credit
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