Best Friends Blood Bank

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A recently published case report documents what is believed to be the first reported xenotransfusion of feline whole blood into an African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris).

A 300-g African pygmy hedgehog presented with a 12-hour history of suspected blood in the urine (hematuria) and reduced appetite. Physical examination revealed severe anemia (PCV 14%), and ultrasonography identified a uterine mass suspicious for neoplasia.

Because no species-matched donor was available, clinicians performed a modified slide crossmatch using type A feline whole blood, which showed no evidence of microscopic or macroscopic agglutination. The hedgehog then received 2.5 mL (8.3 mL/kg) of feline whole blood through an intraosseous catheter before and during ovariohysterectomy.

No immediate transfusion reactions were observed, and histopathology later confirmed endometrial stromal sarcoma with concurrent pyometra (uterine infection).

Within two hours of surgery, the hedgehog was ambulatory and eating. At 24 hours, the PCV remained 14%, although the serum was hemolyzed and the CBC demonstrated regenerative anemia with occasional agglutination. By 72 hours, the PCV had decreased to 7% with persistent hemolyzed serum. Despite these findings, the hedgehog remained bright, active, and eating well. It was discharged four days after presentation, and at the two-week recheck, the PCV had increased to 44% with clear serum.

While the outcome was favorable, the authors emphasize that xenotransfusion should be considered only as an emergency option when species-specific blood is unavailable. They also recommend further research to determine whether hedgehogs are more compatible with canine or feline blood.

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Kuma enjoying some post donation treats!

Mikey