Zimbabwe Intellectual Property Office - ZIPO

Greetings, the Zimbabwe Intellectual Property Office is in the process of reviewing the Copyright and Neighboring Rights Act and Regulations. We would greatly appreciate your input in this process as we desire to come up with an effective legal framework to unlock the potential of our creative sector. You may make your submissions on what needs to be reformed and your suggestions on how to reform via email, what'sapp, or calls.We shall be hosting online meetings with stakeholders as follows :-
Music and Performing arts Sector, Film and Television, Visual Arts,
Education sector, Cultural industries, Book industries, etc. You may also rally your colleagues and stakeholders to participate in this process.

Send your submissions to:
[email protected]
cc: [email protected]
ccc:
[email protected]

GENERAL TYPES OF TRADE ?

SCALPING - refers to a trading style which specializes in profiting off small price changes after a trade is executed to make a profit but where the trader has to have a strict exit strategy since one big loss could eliminate several accumulated small gains. It suits traders who can handle stress, take quick decisions and act according to arising circumstances. It is riskier but may be very profitable in the short term. In relation to trading in securities, commodities and foreign exchange, scalping is a legitimate method of arbitrage of small price gaps created by the bid-ask spread (a fraudulent form of market manipulation).

DAY TRADING - is the act of buying and selling a financial instrument within the same day or multiple times in a day taking advantage of small price moves. This is done in a speculative manner that all positions are closed before the market closes for the trading day with the motive to make big fast profit. An amount of US$25 000.00 and a minimum of US$30 000.00 is required for 4 day trades.
Day traders buy stock, commodities, currencies or trad-able securities which they sell off in short period of time. The system opens and closes multiple positions daily whereas swing traders engage in trade which last multiple days or weeks or months. Day trading is ethical but highly risky since it relies mostly on market trending.

MOMENTUM TRADING - refers to a technique in which traders buy and sell according to the strength of recent price trends. Traders anticipate that an asset price that is moving strongly in a certain direction will steadily move in that direction until the trend loses strength. This is a strategy to capitalize on the continuance of an existing market trend. It uses long stocks or market EFTs showing upward trending prices and shoot the respective assets with downward - trending prices. It also takes advantage of market volatility by taking short term positions in stocks going up and selling them off as soon as they show signs of going down. The investor then moves the capital to new positions.
Momentum indicators will include relative strength index (RSI), rate of change (ROC), stochastics, commodity channel index (CCI) and moving average convergence/divergence (MACD).

POSITION TRADING - involves holding trade shares for a long time up to many years for investment purposes. Chances for profit or loss exist. However, traders believe they will one day make reasonable profit. All trading positions are liquidated by the end of the year of business winding up. In strategy, the system considers strengths and weaknesses of the organization, the needs of the customers, the market and position of competitors. It allows a company or organization to spotlight specific areas where they can outshine and beat their competitors. Position traders have less than ten trades per year. There must be a target market to be supplied with a value-based choice of product before trading.

Whereas, ENTREPOT TRADE - is trade in which imported goods are re-exported with or without any additional processing or repackaging. This happens in one centre for the goods of other countries. In the process, merchandise can be imported or exported without paying import duties. It involves importing goods from a foreign country in order to export them to another country at a higher price.

Cliford Chimombe is the Head of Section at Zimbabwe Intellectual Property Office. He writes in his own capacity as a public service out of passion to serve the Zimbabwean nation on IP matters.
(c) 6 Dec. 2019